CONTROVERSIES IN HOSPITAL INFECTION PREVENTION

​Einen spannenden Überblick über Übertragungswege von Covid-19 und Faceshields als Infektionsschutz bietet das Blog des U.S. Mikrobiologen und Epidemiologen Dan Diekema und des Epidemiologen  Mike Edmond.

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Face Shields and Containment of COVID-19,
​JAMA. Published online April 29th 2020

"Face shields offer a number of advantages. While medical masks have limited durability and little potential for reprocessing, face shields can be reused indefinitely and are easily cleaned with soap and water, or common household disinfectants. They are comfortable to wear, protect the portals of viral entry, and reduce the potential for autoinoculation by preventing the wearer from touching their face. People wearing medical masks often have to remove them to communicate with others around them; this is not necessary with face shields."

​https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2765525
​Author: Eli N. Perencevich, MD, MS​, Epidemiology & Public Health, University of Maryland, Iowa (U.S.)

Empfehlungen der Weltgesundheitsorganisation WHO:
"Advice on the use of masks in the context of COVID-19"
​5 Juni 2020 

Alternatives to medical masks in health facilities:
In the context of severe medical mask shortage, face shields may be considered as an alternative. The use of cloth masks (referred to as fabric masks in this document) as an alternative to medical masks is not considered appropriate for protection of health workers based on limited available evidence. One study that evaluated the use of cloth masks in a health care facility found that health care workers using cotton cloth masks were at increased risk of influenza like illness compared with those who wore medical masks

Mehr dazu bei der WHO
Dokument zum Download

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Infektiöse Tröpfchen können beim Sprechen übertragen werden: Stanfort University, 13th of May 2020

Abstract: Speech droplets generated by asymptomatic carriers of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are increasingly considered to be a likely mode of disease transmission. Highly sensitive laser light scattering observations have revealed that loud speech can emit thousands of oral fluid droplets per second. In a closed, stagnant air environment, they disappear from the window of view with time constants in the range of 8 to 14 min, which corresponds to droplet nuclei of ca. 4 μm diameter, or 12- to 21-μm droplets prior to dehydration. These observations confirm that there is a substantial probability that normal speaking causes airborne virus transmission in confined environments.

https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/05/12/2006874117

Klinische Anwendung von Faceshields bereits in der 50er Jahren:
​ A Useful Face Mask For Endoscopic Examinations, JAMA, Nov. 1950

"For those persons doing bronchoscopic or laryngoscopic examinations, particularly in cases of tuberculosis, adequate protection has been sought. I have used the item described here for many years with adequate protection and vision. ...  It is a face shield used in industry for protection from eye and face hazards. The shield consists of a composition head piece, which is adjustable, and a plastic, transparent face piece measuring 9½ inches (24 cm.) in length and 12⅜ inches (31 cm.) in width. The plastic face piece is removable and easily replaced with snaps and is easily cleaned ... The shield protects the entire face and permits the wearing of glasses without fogging". Author Bernard Jaffe
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaotolaryngology/article-abstract/589566?resultClick=1
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